Final answer:
Consent from the client is always required in therapy and research settings, in alignment with the principle of autonomy and ethical research protocols. Children cannot give consent themselves; this responsibility falls to the parents or guardians. Patient privacy is protected by HIPAA, though ethical dilemmas may arise concerning the health of third parties.
Step-by-step explanation:
TRUE. Consent from the client is required regardless if the therapy is requested by the client or proposed by a health practitioner. This is because the principle of autonomy dictates that patients have the right to make decisions about their own health care through a process of informed consent. In the case of children, parents are typically the ones to provide consent, as children are not legally competent to provide consent for themselves. Researchers must also obtain written consent from participants before conducting sociocultural, medical, or clinical studies. This process is governed by ethical protocols that ensure transparency and protect the participants from exploitation, privacy breaches, and stress, and may require the research plan to outline the future use of recorded data and the rights of collaborators. When it comes to the matter of patient privacy and disclosing information to a third party, such as in the case of sexually transmitted diseases, the situation is complex. There is a significant ethical debate about balancing a patient's privacy rights and the right of partners to know about potential health risks. HIPAA rules generally prohibit sharing a patient's health information without consent, but there can be exceptions depending on the severity of the situation and public health considerations.