Final answer:
Refueling a car involves a compatible pump nozzle, safety measures, and a payment method. The energy transfer rate in refueling can be approximated by multiplying the volume rate by the energy content of gasoline, resulting in roughly 13 megawatts (MW), close to the 15 MW claim.
Step-by-step explanation:
To answer the question related to refueling a machine, specifically a car at a gasoline station, there are several aspects to consider. However, the information provided about a baking tray, oils, water, and camera seems irrelevant to the actual process of refueling, which is a physics-related activity. When refueling a car, these are irrelevant items. Instead, let me outline three things that are indeed required during the refueling process:
- A proper fuel nozzle and pump that match the fuel type of the vehicle (e.g., gasoline or diesel).
- Safety measures, such as grounding to prevent static electricity and appropriate shut-off mechanisms to prevent spills.
- Adequate payment method or authorization for the fuel dispensed.
Now, let's address the second part of the question regarding the energy transfer rate during the refueling process. If a car is refueled with gasoline at a rate of approximately 6 gallons (about 23 liters) per minute, and we know that gasoline contains roughly 34 megajoules (MJ) of energy per liter, we can calculate the energy transfer rate by multiplying the volume rate by the energy content:
Energy transfer rate = volume rate × energy content per liter = 23 L/min × 34 MJ/L = 782 MJ/min. Since 1 MW (megawatt) is 1 MJ/s, to convert MJ/min to MW, we divide 782 by 60 (since there are 60 seconds in a minute). As such, 782 MJ/min ÷ 60 = approximately 13 MW, which is in the neighborhood of the 15 MW claim stated in the book.