Question

Generally, are false statements that concern matters of opinion, future conditions, or matters promissory in nature actionable? Is there an exception?

A) Yes, they are generally actionable
B) No, they are not generally actionable
C) They are actionable only if made in writing
D) They are actionable only if made in a public forum

Answer 1

Generally, false statements that concern matters of opinion, future conditions, or matters promissory in nature are not generally actionable unless they relate to a public official's official conduct. In that case, the official must prove that the statement was made with "actual malice".

Step-by-step explanation:

In general, false statements that concern matters of opinion, future conditions, or matters promissory in nature are not generally actionable. However, there is an exception when it comes to false statements made about public officials and their official conduct. According to the constitutional guarantees, public officials can only recover damages for a defamatory falsehood if they can prove that the statement was made with "actual malice" - meaning with knowledge that it was false or with reckless disregard of whether it was false or not.