Final answer:
The statements that accurately characterize the development and expression of gender are that gender expression is an individual's presentation to others and gender is influenced by cultural, societal, and individual factors (Options B and E). Misconceptions about inherent gender dysphoria and strictly genetic roles are incorrect.
Step-by-step explanation:
The development and expression of gender encompass a complex interaction of biology, culture, and individual identity. To answer the student's question, the statements that accurately characterize the development and expression of gender are:
Option B: Gender expression refers to how an individual presents their gender to others.
Option E: Gender is a social and psychological construct influenced by cultural, societal, and personal factors.
Gender identity is an internal experience and may not always align with biological sex, thus Option A is incorrect. Gender roles are influenced by culture and society, and therefore, Option C is also incorrect. Gender dysphoria is not a common aspect of gender development as stated in Option D, so it is not a correct characterization of gender development and expression.
In summary, while sex is based on biological aspects, gender is a construct that includes social norms, roles, and behaviors that are learned and vary across cultures and time. This cultural interpretation of biological differences demonstrates that gender cannot be strictly defined by genetics alone, but is a rich tapestry woven from many societal and personal influences.
I must mention the correct option answer in the final answer, which are Options B and E