Final answer:
Maltose is hydrolyzed to produce two glucose molecules by the action of the enzyme maltase. The correct subunits resulting from the hydrolysis of maltose are therefore glucose and glucose.
Step-by-step explanation:
When maltose undergoes hydrolysis, the subunits that result are two glucose molecules. Maltose is a disaccharide consisting of two D-glucose units connected through an α-1,4-glycosidic linkage. The hydrolysis reaction involves breaking this linkage and adding a water molecule to yield the individual monosaccharide units.
The enzyme that catalyzes this reaction is known as maltase, which is secreted by the intestinal mucosa. Thus, the disaccharide maltose is digested by maltase to produce two glucose units. This is essential because the human body cannot metabolize disaccharides directly; they must first be broken down into monosaccharides to pass through the cell membranes of the intestinal wall.
In summary, the correct answer to the question is D) Glucose and glucose.