Final answer:
Glargine (Lantus) and Detemir (Levemir) are long-acting insulins used to maintain consistent blood glucose levels in diabetics over a 24-hour period. Glargine is typically taken once daily, while Detemir may be taken once or twice a day. These medications help manage type 1 and type 2 diabetes and reduce the risk of long-term complications.
Step-by-step explanation:
Glargine (Lantus) and Detemir (Levemir) are types of long-acting insulin used in the management of diabetes. Unlike rapid-acting insulin, which works quickly to reduce blood sugar levels after a meal, these long-acting insulins provide a steady level of insulin over a 24-hour period to help control blood sugar levels throughout the day and night. Insulin Glargine, or Lantus, is designed to be injected once daily, typically at bedtime, to maintain consistent blood glucose levels. It has a relatively peakless action, meaning its insulin release profile is steady with no pronounced peak. Insulin Detemir, or Levemir, can be administered once or twice daily depending on the patient's insulin needs.
It binds to albumin in the bloodstream, which slows down its absorption and prolongs its action. These long-acting insulins are crucial for managing type 1 diabetes and may also be used in type 2 diabetes, particularly when oral medications are not sufficient to control blood glucose levels. The use of long-acting insulins can greatly reduce the risk of long-term diabetes complications such as neuropathy, retinopathy, and cardiovascular disease.