Final answer:
Coronary bypass surgery is a procedure used to treat blocked coronary arteries by grafting a replacement vessel to reroute blood around the blockage and restore blood flow to the heart muscle.
Step-by-step explanation:
The surgical procedure you are referring to is called a coronary bypass. This involves grafting a vessel from another part of the body or using a synthetic vessel to bypass blocked coronary arteries, thus restoring blood flow to the heart muscle. The alternative vessels used in coronary bypass surgery often come from less critical areas such as the legs, e.g., the great saphenous vein, or can be synthetic. The objective is to reroute the blood circulation around the obstructed section of the coronary artery, re-establishing adequate blood supply to affected areas of the heart muscle.
Treatment of blocked arteries includes lifestyle modifications and may involve medications aimed at mitigating contributing factors like high cholesterol and high blood pressure. Additionally, procedures such as angioplasty and endarterectomy are available, but in cases of severe blockage or multiple affected arteries, coronary bypass surgery is frequently the chosen method to prevent myocardial infarction or alleviate symptoms like angina.