Final answer:
The violation-of-expectancy procedure is based on infants' expectations about how objects behave. It involves presenting infants with unexpected events that violate their expectations.
Step-by-step explanation:
The violation-of-expectancy procedure is founded on the expectation that infants have certain expectations about how objects behave in their environment. It is based on the idea that infants have a concept of object permanence, which is the understanding that objects continue to exist even when they are not visible. The procedure involves presenting infants with unexpected events that violate their expectations, such as an object magically disappearing or passing through a solid barrier.