Final answer:
Stress along faults can cause earthquakes; a reverse fault is a thrust fault with less than a 30° dip. Compression stress causes rocks to fold, and convection currents in the mantle drive plate movement. Identification of landforms like anticlines and synclines is key to understanding geological processes.
Step-by-step explanation:
Stress that increases along faults leads to rock breaking and can cause earthquakes. The name of the fracture that separates two fault blocks is a fault plane, and the two blocks are called the hanging wall and footwall depending on their position relative to the fault dip. A reverse fault is indeed a type of thrust fault; however, a thrust fault is a specific kind of reverse fault with a gentler dip of less than 30°, which can sometimes lead to confusion in terminology. The type of stress that causes rocks to fold is called compression. It is in the Earth's mantle where the motion of convection currents drive plate movement. Plates such as the Eurasian Plate form boundaries with the African Plate. When convergent boundaries interact, various geological events may occur, including the formation of mountains, earthquakes, and volcanic activity.
During geological surveys and studies, different landforms such as folds and faults are identified, often by the shape of the rock layers and their orientation. For instance, anticlines are convex up (oldest rocks at the center), and synclines are concave up (youngest rocks at the center). In terms of faults, a strike-slip fault shows lateral motion, while normal and reverse faults involve vertical displacement. Classifying these features during fieldwork helps in understanding the geologic history and processes that have shaped the Earth's crust.