Final answer:
Penal substitutionary atonement is a Christian doctrine that asserts Jesus took upon himself the punishment for the sins of humanity. Biblical passages in the Old and New Testaments support this concept.
Step-by-step explanation:
Penal substitutionary atonement is a doctrine in Christian theology that teaches that Jesus Christ, through his death on the cross, took upon himself the punishment and penalty for the sins of humanity. This view portrays Jesus as a substitute for sinners, paying the price for their wrongdoing.
There are several biblical passages that support the concept of penal substitutionary atonement. One of them is found in the New Testament, specifically in 2 Corinthians 5:21 which says, "God made him who had no sin to be sin for us, so that in him we might become the righteousness of God." This verse highlights the idea that Jesus, who was sinless, was made to be sin on behalf of humanity.
Another supporting passage can be found in the Old Testament, Isaiah 53:5, which states, "But he was pierced for our transgressions, he was crushed for our iniquities; the punishment that brought us peace was on him, and by his wounds, we are healed." This verse emphasizes that Jesus bore the punishment intended for our sins, leading to our reconciliation with God.