Final answer:
The reaction of lactic acid with water and NaOH demonstrates its acidic properties by showcasing its ability to donate a proton (H+) and participate in acid-base neutralization reactions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The reaction of lactic acid (C₃H₆O₃) with substances like water and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) illustrates its acidic properties through the release of a proton (H+) to form a lactate ion (C₃H₅O₃-) and a secondary product.
Reaction with water:
C₃H₆O₃ + H₂O → C₃H₅O₃⁻ + H₃O⁺+
In this reaction, lactic acid donates a proton to water, forming a hydronium ion (H₃O⁺+), displaying its acidic behaviour.
Reaction with NaOH (Base):
C₃H₆O₃ + NaOH → C₃H₅O₃⁻ + H₂O
Lactic acid reacts with the base NaOH to form a lactate ion and water. This is an example of an acid-base neutralization reaction, demonstrating the acid's ability to donate a proton.