Final answer:
Treatment for chronic injuries like osteoarthritis in the carpals typically includes exercise, stress reduction on joints, pain medications starting with acetaminophen, moving to NSAIDs, and potentially opioids. Surgery is considered when other treatments fail. Persistent OA symptoms necessitate a medical diagnosis and may include pain management techniques and weight loss.
Step-by-step explanation:
When addressing chronic injuries such as osteoarthritis (OA) in the carpals, it's crucial to focus on treatment options that can manage symptoms and maintain a good quality of life. Treatment strategies commonly include exercise, reducing stress on joints, and various pain medications.
For those with OA, the stepwise approach to medication often begins with acetaminophen, which poses a lower risk of serious side effects. If inadequate for pain control, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen may be introduced, but these carry a higher risk of complications such as gastrointestinal bleeding and cardiovascular issues. In more severe cases, opioids may be considered with caution due to the potential for addiction. When medications and other non-surgical interventions are insufficient to alleviate symptoms, surgery may be considered as a last resort.
Early symptoms of OA in the carpals or any other joint often occur post-exercise or after prolonged activity but can become constant over time, hindering daily activities and work. Joint pain, swelling, decreased range of motion, and potential joint deformities are hallmarks of OA, typically diagnosed through a combination of these signs and symptoms, and possibly X-rays. Weight loss and pain management techniques are also vital components of managing osteoarthritis.