Final answer:
The question about missing vessels cannot be answered with the provided data. For the mathematical sample size question, the answer is D. Cannot be determined. For the review question regarding extinctions, the expected number is 100,000,000 over a century.
Step-by-step explanation:
The provided information does not contain enough data to accurately determine how many vessels go missing each year without a trace. Instead, the information given appears to be related to a mathematical problem about scholarships or some form of financial aid, where a sample of 200 students is considered. However, the reference information is incomplete as it does not specify the criteria or probability for a student to receive $250 or more. Therefore, based on the information provided, the correct answer to the question is D. Cannot be determined.
Similarly, for the review question about extinction rate, the formula for calculating the expected number of extinctions over a century is by multiplying the extinction rate by the number of years in a century. Assuming the extinction rate is 100 extinctions per million species per year (E/MSY), for an estimated 10 million species, the calculation would be:
100 E/MSY * 10,000,000 species * 100 years = 100,000,000 extinctions
Therefore, within a century, 100,000,000 extinctions are expected to occur.