Final answer:
The methods recommended for sterilizing dental handpieces are steam sterilization using an autoclave and chemical vapor sterilization, with steam sterilization being generally more effective.
Step-by-step explanation:
The recommended methods for sterilizing dental handpieces include steam sterilization, which is a form of moist-heat sterilization. This method involves the use of an autoclave to raise temperatures above the boiling point of water, effectively killing vegetative cells, viruses, and particularly endospores. Another acceptable method is chemical vapor sterilization, which involves the use of chemicals to achieve sterilization, eliminating all microbes, viruses, and with enough exposure, endospores. Although not mentioned, dry-heat sterilization is another method but is generally less effective than moist-heat sterilization for penetrating cells. It is important to choose the right method of sterilization based on the item's intended application to ensure it is adequately decontaminated without damaging the item or posing risks to users.