Final answer:
The square roots of the number 144 are ±12. These roots represent the numbers that, when squared, yield the original number, 144. The concept of square roots is fundamental in algebra and geometry.
Step-by-step explanation:
The square roots of 144 are ±12. To find these, you need to determine which numbers can be multiplied by themselves to result in 144. The positive square root of 144 is found by simple observation or by using a calculator, which gives 12, since 12 × 12 equals 144. However, we must also consider the negative square root, because when −12 is squared (−12 × −12), the result is also 144. Therefore, 144 has two square roots: +12 and −12.
Finding square roots is a common operation in mathematics, often required in solving quadratic equations, and in various applications like determining side lengths in geometry. If you need to find a fourth root or any higher root, you might use a calculator and raise the number to the appropriate fraction power. For example, the fourth root can be found by raising to the 0.25 power or by taking the square root twice.