Final answer:
To calculate the minimum separation between two dots using Raleigh's criterion, you use the formula θ = 1.22 λ / D with the given parameters of the eye's pupil diameter and the distance to the eye. The given details about spotter deviations are not related to this calculation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer is option to calculate the minimum separation of two dots that cannot be resolved by the human eye, we can use Raleigh's criterion, which states that two points are resolvable when the first diffraction minimum of one image coincides with the maximum of the other. The equation for Raleigh's criterion is θ = 1.22 λ / D, where θ is the angle of resolution, λ is the wavelength of light, and D is the diameter of the aperture.
For a pupil of the eye with a diameter of 3.0 mm and assuming the average wavelength of visible light to be 550 nm (5.5e-7 m), we can calculate the angle of resolution. Now, using basic trigonometry, we can find the minimum separation (d) between two dots on the page, which is d = θ × distance to the eye. With the distance given as 35 cm (0.35 m), we can determine d. Finally, to convert this separation to dots per inch (dpi), we have to consider that 1 inch is equal to 2.54 cm and calculate accordingly.
However, the observer's spotter deviations provided in the student's initial question do not seem to be directly related to this calculation and appear to be more relevant to a topic like artillery or mortar firing corrections, not Raleigh's criterion. Those details refer to adjusting aim based on observed deviations, which is a separate physical application.