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Are the planes x+y+z=1, x−y+z=1 parallel, perpendicular, or neither? If neither, what is the angle between them?

User Lukeaus
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Final answer:

The planes x+y+z=1 and x-y+z=1 are neither parallel nor perpendicular. The angle between them is approximately 70.53°.

Step-by-step explanation:

The given equations are x+y+z=1 and x-y+z=1.

To determine if the planes are parallel or perpendicular, we can compare the normal vectors of the planes.

First, let's find the normal vector of the plane x+y+z=1:

Normal vector = (coefficient of x, coefficient of y, coefficient of z) = (1, 1, 1).

Next, let's find the normal vector of the plane x-y+z=1:

Normal vector = (coefficient of x, coefficient of y, coefficient of z) = (1, -1, 1).

Since the dot product of the normal vectors is not zero, the planes are neither parallel nor perpendicular. To find the angle between them, we can use the formula cosθ = (dot product of normal vectors) / (product of magnitudes of normal vectors).

Let's calculate:

Magnitude of the normal vector of the first plane = √(1² + 1² + 1²) = √3

Magnitude of the normal vector of the second plane = √(1² + (-1)² + 1²) = √3

Dot product of the normal vectors = (1)(1) + (1)(-1) + (1)(1) = 1.

Using the formula cosθ = 1 / (√3)(√3) = 1/3, we can find the angle θ:

θ = arccos(1/3) ≈ 70.53°

Therefore, the angle between the two planes is approximately 70.53°.

User Keith Enlow
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