Final answer:
The presence of economic income depends on the trade-offs between equality and economic output, varying from case to case; it's sometimes present, sometimes not, and at times uncertain.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question is asking to determine when economic income is present based on different societal trade-offs between equality and economic output. The concept of economic income here appears to involve understanding the balance or trade-off between equality in a society and the levels of economic output or efficiency.
- Case A suggests a trade-off where moving towards greater equality may decrease economic output, indicating the presence of economic income is uncertain, it would require case-specific analysis to determine if economic income is present or not.
- Case B illustrates that it's possible to achieve both increased equality and economic output, suggesting that economic income is always present when such a balance is achieved.
- Case C indicates a scenario where attempts to significantly increase equality can lead to a reduction in economic output, which means economic income may never be present in these cases since the gains in equality come at the cost of output.
- Case D implies that without enough information, it is not possible to decisively conclude whether economic income is present, making economic income uncertain in this context.
Therefore, each case requires different considerations to determine the presence of economic income.