Final answer:
The physical quantity that represents the vertical distance a ball is thrown is Height.
Step-by-step explanation:
The physical quantity that represents the vertical distance the ball is thrown is D) Height.
In physics, height is the vertical distance above the reference point. When a juggler tosses a ball vertically, the height refers to how high the ball reaches above the initial position. It is important to note that height is a scalar quantity, meaning it only has magnitude and no specific direction.