Final answer:
Gregor Mendel's experiments led to the conclusion that genetic information is transmitted via genes, with traits inherited in a dominant-recessive pattern.
Step-by-step explanation:
From Gregor Mendel's experiments with pea plants we can conclude that genetic information is transmitted via genes. Mendel discovered that traits are not inherited through blending, but rather via discrete factors now known as genes. He observed that each parent contributes one gene for every trait, and these genes exist in different forms called alleles. Specifically, Mendel found that traits are inherited following a dominant-recessive pattern. When he crossed plants with different traits, the first-generation offspring displayed only the dominant trait, while the recessive trait appeared to be hidden. However, in the second generation, Mendel observed that the recessive trait reemerged in a 3:1 ratio, showing that the recessive trait had been passed on despite not being expressed in the first generation.