Final answer:
Excess cement left near the gingival margin and sulcus can lead to inflammation, gingivitis, and possibly periodontitis, which may result in tooth loss and other severe oral health issues.
Step-by-step explanation:
If excess cement is not removed from in and around the gingival margin and sulcus of the tooth, the cement can cause various oral health issues. This could include the inflammation and erosion of gums, which if left untreated may lead to chronic gingivitis. Gingivitis in its advanced stages can develop into periodontitis, a condition where the gums recede and expose parts of the tooth normally covered, leading to an overgrowth of oral bacteria such as Streptococcus and Actinomyces species.
Moreover, these bacteria can erode the cementum, compromising the stability of the teeth, potentially leading to tooth loss or the need for surgical extraction. The problem can be exacerbated by the production of acids by anaerobic microbes through fermentation, causing tooth decay, cavities, and periodontal disease. This is why it is crucial to ensure that dental procedures include the thorough removal of any excess cement to maintain good oral hygiene and prevent such complications.