Final answer:
The highlighted part of the molecule mentioned in the question is derived from the anabolic process of DNA replication, where nucleotides are assembled to form a new strand complementary to the parent DNA strand.
Step-by-step explanation:
The highlighted part of the molecule you're asking about is derived from DNA replication. DNA replication is an anabolic process, as it involves the building up of nucleotides into a new DNA strand. During DNA replication, a parent DNA strand serves as a template for the synthesis of a complementary strand. Enzymes like DNA polymerases assist in adding nucleotides to the growing DNA strand, following the rules of base pairing. The process results in two identical DNA molecules, each composed of one original and one new strand.
Transcription is a separate process where the DNA sequence is copied into mRNA, which then carries the genetic message to the ribosome for protein synthesis. Transcription is the process that follows the central dogma of molecular biology, which states that genetic information flows from DNA to RNA to protein.