Final answer:
Class E airspace generally extends upward to 10,000 ft MSL and is controlled airspace for IFR operations, requiring aircraft to follow specific rules under air traffic control jurisdiction, and can sometimes start at the surface or 700 AGL depending on the region.
Step-by-step explanation:
The airspace that generally extends upward to 10,000 ft MSL (Mean Sea Level) is typically referred to as Class E airspace in the United States and it is part of the controlled airspace. This class of airspace is controlled for IFR (Instrument Flight Rules) operations and while it primarily starts at 1,200 feet AGL (Above Ground Level), in some cases it can start at either the surface or 700 feet AGL depending on the complexity of the regional airspace.
The aircraft within this airspace are subject to air traffic control jurisdiction and must follow the rules and requirements for flight within Class E airspace. In regions where air traffic is busy or in close proximity to airports, this airspace may extend from the surface to provide a controlled environment for the safe management of flights.
Outside the U.S., the classification might be different but similar altitudes are commonly respected for separation between different classes of airspace and to facilitate air traffic control.