Final answer:
The correct answer is c) "The phenomenon occurs due to the interaction of these factors," as this is the only option that provides a justification, thereby qualifying as an explanation in a scientific context.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer to the question, "Which of the following statements is an explanation?" is c) "The phenomenon occurs due to the interaction of these factors." This statement provides a reason or justification for why something happens, distinguishing it as an explanation rather than a simple statement of fact or a hypothesis. An explanation often includes causality and details about the relationships between variables. It gives insight into the why and how of an occurrence, such as a specific phenomenon that happens due to the interaction of multiple factors.
Understanding Explanations in Scientific Context:
Within scientific research, an explanation is expected to shed light on the mechanisms or reasoning behind observed results. Conducting a scientific experiment is one way to test hypotheses and find explanations for phenomena. For instance, if a hypothesis posits that temperature increases are causing ice to melt faster, an experiment can be devised to measure ice melt rate at different temperatures, looking to prove or disprove the hypothesis.
Moreover, outcomes of experiments are analyzed to arrive at conclusions. These could either support or negate the initial hypotheses and could lead to further research or revisions in understanding. Therefore, explanations are intrinsic to the development of scientific theory and knowledge.