Final answer:
The disadvantage of clear-cutting is the negative impact on ecosystem stability, leading to increased soil erosion, loss of biodiversity, and potential for species extinction.
Step-by-step explanation:
The disadvantage of clear-cutting that the student question references is d) Negative impact on ecosystem stability. Clear-cutting, which is a method of logging where all the trees in an area are cut down at once, has a number of environmentally detrimental effects. This practice can lead to heightened soil erosion due to the removal of vegetation that normally holds the soil in place. Furthermore, it disrupts the local ecosystem, leading to losses in biodiversity as plants and animals lose their habitats. Also, clear-cutting can interfere with the water cycle and contribute to the extinction of species, affecting the overall ecosystem stability.