Final answer:
The correct answer to which category includes all others in the list of Mammals, Birds, Reptiles, and Vertebrates is D) Vertebrates. This group is the most inclusive and comprises all the other options because it is the broader classification encompassing a variety of animal classes with backbones.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question asks which of the following categories includes all the others on the list: Mammals, Birds, Reptiles, and Vertebrates. The main answer is D) Vertebrates.Explanation in more than 100 words: Vertebrates represent a broad category of animals that all share the characteristic of having a backbone or spinal column. This group encompasses various sub-categories, including birds, reptiles, and mammals. As the category that is inclusive of all the other options, vertebrates are a diverse group that includes fish, amphibians, birds, reptiles, and mammals. By definition, all mammals, birds, and reptiles are vertebrates, but not all vertebrates are necessarily mammals, birds, or reptiles, as this group also includes other classes like fish and amphibians.Conclusion Therefore, the correct answer to the question is D) Vertebrates since it is the broadest category that includes all elements in the list, covering mammals, birds, and reptiles as well.