Final answer:
The esophagus is lined with stratified squamous epithelium, a tissue with multiple layers of cells, providing a protective barrier against mechanical stress from the passage of food.
Step-by-step explanation:
The epithelium of the esophagus is composed of stratified squamous epithelium. This type of epithelial tissue is characterized by multiple layers of cells, which is what makes it 'stratified'. On the other hand, simple epithelial tissue is organized as a single layer of cells. Specifically, in the esophagus, a stratified squamous epithelium is present because this area requires a protective barrier due to the passage of food, which might cause mechanical stress. Unlike simple columnar epithelium or simple cuboidal epithelium, which typically participate in absorption or secretion, stratified squamous epithelium is more associated with protection.