Final answer:
The two environmental factors that can affect enzyme activity are temperature and pH. Enzymes have optimal ranges for both temperature and pH, and extreme values can denature the enzymes.
Step-by-step explanation:
Two environmental factors that can affect enzyme activity are temperature and pH. Enzymes work best within specific temperature and pH ranges.
Temperature: Increasing or decreasing the temperature outside of an optimal range can affect the chemical bonds within the enzyme's active site, making it less well-suited to bind substrates. High temperatures can denature enzymes, causing them to lose their structure and function.
pH: Enzymes have optimal pH ranges in which they function best. Extreme pH values (acidic or basic) can cause enzymes to denature and lose their activity.