Final answer:
Mercury is the planet that takes the least time to revolve around the Sun, completing one orbit every 88 Earth days due to its closeness to the Sun and high orbital speed. The correct answer is A) Mercury
Step-by-step explanation:
The planet in the solar system that takes the least time to revolve around the Sun is Mercury. This is because Mercury is the closest planet to the sun and follows Kepler's third law which states that planets closer to the sun have shorter orbital periods.
With an orbital period of merely 88 Earth days, Mercury swiftly completes a revolution around the Sun faster than any other planet in our solar system. Its average orbital speed is also the highest among the planets, achieving a significant 48 kilometers per second. The proximity of Mercury to the Sun makes it challenging to observe in the night sky, and it's usually best seen when it is at its farthest from the Sun, in its eccentric orbit.
Mercury's eccentric orbit adds to the dynamic movement of this planet, resulting in varying speeds throughout its revolution. Mercury moves fastest when it is closest to the Sun, and this causes significant changes in the way the Sun would appear if one were standing on Mercury's surface, such as in the Caloris Basin.