Question

What evidence would support the hypothesis that larger cells evolved in part by engulfing other, smaller cells?

A) Presence of mitochondria
B) Lack of cellular organelles
C) Single-celled organisms
D) Absence of endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 1

The presence of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells is evidence supporting the hypothesis that these cells evolved by engulfing smaller prokaryotic cells, as per the endosymbiotic theory.

Step-by-step explanation:

The evidence that supports the hypothesis that larger eukaryotic cells evolved in part by engulfing other, smaller cells is the presence of mitochondria. Mitochondria contain their own DNA, which is similar to the DNA of prokaryotes, suggesting they were once free-living organisms. This relationship forms the basis of the endosymbiotic theory, which explains that these organelles became permanent parts of the larger cells they were engulfed by, forming a symbiotic relationship. Additionally, mitochondria have two membranes and share structural similarities with certain bacteria, further reinforcing the theory.