Final answer:
Mesophiles are microorganisms with an optimal growth temperature around 37°C, just like the one described in the question. They grow best at moderate temperatures and include many human pathogens that thrive at body temperature.
Step-by-step explanation:
A microorganism that has an optimum growth temperature of 37°C but can survive short exposure to high temperatures is called a mesophile. Mesophiles are adapted to moderate temperatures, typically between 25°C and 40°C, with pathogenic mesophiles having an optimal growth around 37°C, similar to the human body temperature.
A common example of mesophiles includes E. coli, which lives in our intestines. In contrast, other temperature-adapted microorganisms include psychrophiles that grow best at cold temperatures (often < 15°C), thermophiles that have an optimal growth temperature starting from 50°C, and hyperthermophiles which thrive at temperatures as high as 80°C to over 100°C.