Final answer:
The sequence of cognitive functioning from lowest to highest function includes 1) Confused inappropriate, 2) Confused appropriate, 3) Automatic appropriate, and 4) Purposeful and appropriate, aligning with developmental psychology theories such as those proposed by Piaget and subsequent notions of postformal thought.
Step-by-step explanation:
Assessment of cerebral functions is critical for determining the level of cognitive functioning. The sequence from the lowest to the highest function can be understood through the developmental psychology perspective, which often involves various stages of cognitive abilities. This sequencing is rooted in the progressive complexity and sophistication of cognitive operations.
- Confused inappropriate - This is the lowest level of cognitive functioning where the behavior and actions may not align with the expected norms or context.
- Confused appropriate - At this stage, individuals may still be confused but their responses and behaviors are more in line with societal expectations.
- Automatic appropriate - This level involves responses and actions that are automatic and appropriate for different situations, demonstrating basic cognitive processing aligned with expectations.
- Purposeful and appropriate - Reflecting the highest level of cognitive functioning, this state involves deliberate, goal-oriented behaviors that are appropriate and based on adequate processing of information and circumstances.
Piaget's theory of cognitive development and the later conception of postformal thought highlight the progression through which cognitive abilities evolve to manage more complex, abstract, and emotionally charged issues effectively. Piaget identified formal operational thought as the peak in youth, but later psychologists propose postformal thought as an even higher level of cognitive development in adulthood.