Final answer:
The removal of the fallopian tubes and ovaries is called a bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, a procedure distinct from tubal ligation, which is a form of sterilization.
Step-by-step explanation:
The surgical removal of the fallopian tubes and ovaries is known as a bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. This procedure is different from tubal ligation, which is a surgical sterilization technique where the fallopian tubes are blocked so sperm cannot reach and fertilize an egg. In cases of infertility, options may include in vitro fertilization or surgical intervention to remove obstructions and subsequently re-ligate the fallopian tubes if they were previously severed.