Final answer:
Charles's death left England in turmoil, with political, religious, and fiscal issues. His brother James inherited a divided nation and the challenge of leading a Protestant country as a Catholic monarch.
Step-by-step explanation:
When Charles died in 1685, he left behind a realm fraught with problems, which became a significant dilemma for his brother Adam (presumably a slip in the question and referring to James, Charles's brother). The country was no longer a leading power in European affairs, with rampant religious persecution of nonconformists. This tumultuous situation was complicated by Charles's inability to collaborate with Parliament, leading to fiscal disarray. His refusal to call Parliament resulted in intensified divisions within the country, both politically and religiously. The inheritance of the throne by James, an avowed Catholic, at a time when Protestantism was the dominant religion, only heightened tensions further, representing a kingdom that was both weak internationally and internally divided.