Final answer:
An operating system can use device drivers and system calls to communicate with hardware.
Step-by-step explanation:
An operating system can use device drivers and system calls to communicate with hardware.
Device drivers are software programs that allow the operating system to interact with specific hardware devices, such as printers or graphics cards. They act as translators, converting the commands given by the operating system into a language that the hardware can understand.
System calls are functions provided by the operating system that allow applications to interact with the hardware. These calls provide a standardized interface for programs to control devices and access hardware resources.