Final answer:
Air Force forces generally have a smaller physical footprint than Surface forces because they require less ground space for their operations, operating mainly through the air.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question asks which force has a smaller footprint for the effects it provides, with the choices being Air Force forces, Surface forces, or both. The term 'footprint' in a military context typically refers to the amount of space that a military force occupies when it is deployed in an area. Considering the information provided, Air Force forces tend to have a smaller physical footprint than Surface forces because the former operates mainly through the air and thus requires less ground space for operations. Surface forces, on the other hand, consist of numerous personnel and vehicles that cover a substantial area when deployed. Therefore, the answer to which force has a smaller footprint for the effects it provides is 1) Air Force forces.