Final answer:
An elevation of the granulocyte count above 7.7 x 10³ /uL is termed leukocytosis, indicating excessive proliferation of leukocytes such as neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils.
Step-by-step explanation:
An elevation of the total granulocyte count above 7.7 x 10³ /uL is commonly termed leukocytosis. This condition indicates excessive leukocyte proliferation and can occur in various circumstances, such as during infections or in response to stress. Granulocytes, which include neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils, are a type of leukocyte that have granules in their cytoplasm and play crucial roles in the immune response. Neutrophils make up a significant portion of total leukocyte count, comprising 50-70 percent. These cells are vital to the body's defense against infections and are characterized by their light lilac granules and distinctly lobed nuclei, which increase in lobes as the cell ages. Leukocytosis is different from leukopenia, which is characterized by below-normal production of leukocytes, leading to an increased risk of disease due to a compromised immune system.