Final answer:
The term Freud used for the phenomenon where boys experience desire for their mother and fear of their fathers is the Oedipus complex, which occurs during the phallic stage of psychosexual development.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to Freud, the term for boys who lust for their mother and fear castration by their fathers is the Oedipus complex. This concept is part of Freud's theory of psychosexual development and specifically relates to the phallic stage, generally occurring between the ages of 3 to 6 years. During this stage, the erogenous zone is the genitals, and the boy experiences intense feelings of desire for his mother and jealousy towards his father. Freud believed that these feelings must be resolved for healthy psychological development.
The resolution of the Oedipus complex involves the boy beginning to identify with his father, which indirectly fulfills his desire for his mother. If this complex is not resolved, Freud postulated that it might lead to personality traits such as vanity and over-ambitiousness in adulthood. The counterpart for girls is referred to as the Electra complex.