Final answer:
The common physiological change that occurs with aging and causes the 60-year-old man to feel short of breath during the hundred-yard dash is decreased lung capacity.
Step-by-step explanation:
The common physiological change that occurs with aging and is reflected in the 60-year-old man experiencing shortness of breath during the hundred-yard dash is decreased lung capacity. As people age, their lungs become stiff and less pliable, leading to a decrease in the oxygen-carrying capacity of the lungs. This causes difficulty in breathing during physical activity and may not have been a problem for the man 20 years ago when his lung function was more optimal.