Final answer:
Successful learning according to Bandura involves motivation and self-efficacy as key components, particularly in observational learning, where these factors determine the likelihood of imitating a behavior and persisting in the face of obstacles.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to Albert Bandura, successful learning, especially observational learning, requires specific factors including motivation and self-efficacy. Bandura's theory emphasizes that learning involves attention to a model's behavior (attention), remembering what was observed (retention), the ability to perform the behavior (reproduction), and the desire to enact the behavior (motivation). Self-efficacy, which reflects an individual’s belief in their capability to execute actions required to deal with prospective situations, significantly impacts whether an individual feels motivated to mimic an observed behavior and their persistence in the face of challenges. In this context, motivation and self-efficacy are essential for learning as they determine how an individual approaches challenges and achieves goals.
Self-efficacy affects both the choice of behaviors to imitate and the success in performing them, with learners more likely to engage in behaviors that they believe they can successfully replicate, especially if they have seen models being positively reinforced for such behaviors in the past. Bandura proposed that this form of learning is not only about acquisition of new behaviors but also about the ways in which these behaviors shape our personality and social development.