Final answer:
Jean Dubuffet criticized Western culture for its restrictive approach to art and proposed Art Brut as a solution, which values instinctual creation over academic tradition. This aligns with the broader critique of Eurocentrism and the need for a more inclusive art history that appreciates the plurality of global artistic expressions.
Step-by-step explanation:
Jean Dubuffet was critical of what he perceived as the stifling qualities of Western culture, including its emphasis on intellectualism, conventional aesthetics, and the valorization of specific artistic cannons. His main criticisms lie in how Western culture, or Occidental culture, dominated the discourse around art, often marginalizing or misunderstanding non-Western perspectives and forms of creativity. Dubuffet advocated for what he called Art Brut (raw art), suggesting that art should be more instinctual, and less influenced by classical standards and academic training. This approach echoes broader critiques found in the works of scholars like John Berger, Edward Said, and Hans Belting, who emphasize the importance of a global perspective in art that respects and incorporates diverse viewpoints.
These narratives are engendered by a form of Eurocentrism, which scholars seek to challenge by proposing an art history and criticism that includes non-Western art on its own terms. Cubism, as developed by artists like Pablo Picasso, exemplifies a movement toward redefining space and representation, in part influenced by non-European art forms, therefore breaking with traditional Western linear perspectives. Ultimately, Dubuffet and other critics saw the artistic innovations emerging from critiques of Western art practices as solutions to the so-called problems of rigidity and narrowness in traditional Western art historical narratives.