Final answer:
The Situationists used dérive and détournement to advocate for play as a form of rebellion against the capitalist system, by navigating the urban landscape spontaneously and subverting capitalist culture through new, subversive works.
Step-by-step explanation:
How Situationists Challenged Capitalism
The Situationist International (SI), an organization of social revolutionaries, used tools like dérive (drift) and détournement (diversion or redirection) to confront and undermine the capitalist system. The dérive was a critical tool, whereby individuals would navigate the urban landscape in a way that defied the prescribed behavior promoted by capitalist society, allowing for spontaneous and authentic experiences. Meanwhile, détournement involved subverting and reusing elements of the capitalist culture, such as advertisements and mainstream media, to create new, subversive works that challenged the status quo. This approach to art and activism directly opposed the norms of capitalist society.
The correct answer to the question is: By advocating for play as a form of rebellion, the Situationists challenged the capitalist system through their unique approaches to creativity and protest.