Final answer:
The maxillary and mandibular processes arise from the first pharyngeal arch and are responsible for the formation of the upper and lower jaws respectively.
Step-by-step explanation:
The maxillary and mandibular processes arise from the first pharyngeal arch.
The maxillary process is responsible for the formation of the upper jaw (maxilla), while the mandibular process gives rise to the lower jaw (mandible).
During embryonic development, these processes undergo elongation, fusion, and remodeling to form the intricate structures of the face and jaw.