Final answer:
The solvent activity is related to its chemical potential by the expression a = e^{(μ/RT)}, which is answer A) a = e^{(μ/RT)}. In solutions, solvent activity is typically approximated as '1', and solute activities are approximated by their molarities.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question asks how the solvent activity is related to its chemical potential. The solvent activity is represented by the symbol a, and chemical potential is represented by the symbol μ (Greek letter mu). In thermodynamics, the correct relationship between chemical potential and solvent activity at a constant temperature and pressure is given by a = e^{(μ/RT)}, where R is the gas constant and T is the temperature in Kelvin. Therefore, the correct answer is A) a = e^{(μ/RT)}.
When considering reactions in solution, the activity of the solvent, such as water, is often taken as '1' since the solvent is typically in great excess and is assumed to be pure. This approximation simplifies equilibrium constant expressions, as they seem to only depend on the activities (commonly approximated by molarities) of the solutes.