Final answer:
The most common and important pest cockroach is the American cockroach (Periplaneta americana). Another important pest cockroach is the German cockroach (Blattella germanica).
Step-by-step explanation:
The most common and important pest cockroach is the American cockroach (Periplaneta americana). This species of cockroach is considered a pest because it can contaminate food and spread disease-causing organisms.
One characteristic of the American cockroach is its ability to adapt to different conditions, making it a successful pest. It can be found in a variety of habitats such as homes, buildings, and outdoor environments.
Another important pest cockroach is the German cockroach (Blattella germanica). This species is commonly found in kitchens, bathrooms, and other areas where food and water are present. It reproduces quickly and can infest buildings if not properly controlled.