Final answer:
The rider on the fiery horse taking 'peace' from the earth is an allusion to the second of the four horsemen of the Apocalypse in the New Testament's Book of Revelation, symbolizing the onset of war or conflict.
Step-by-step explanation:
The likely New Testament allusion to the seal where the rider on the fiery horse takes 'peace' from the earth is found in the Book of Revelation, often called the Apocalypse.
In Revelation 6:4, the second of the four riders of the Apocalypse is mentioned, and this rider is commonly interpreted as representing war or conflict, which would take peace from the earth.
The imagery of the fiery horse and its rider is part of a series of prophetic visions that describe the events leading up to the end of the world and the second coming of Christ.
The historical and artistic references provided, although rich in their own contexts, suggest the enduring theme of conflict versus peace within Christian art and iconography, but the specific question relates directly to the apocalyptic literature.
As such, the answer is tightly connected to the religious symbolism within the New Testament narrative, particularly in the cataclysmic and transformative events of the Apocalypse.