Question

During sepsis, what are some metabolic responses in the liver?

Answer 1

During sepsis, the liver exhibits metabolic responses such as activation of metabolism, synthesis of enzymes, cell division, and inhibition of glucose metabolism by liver cells.

Step-by-step explanation:

During sepsis, the liver undergoes various metabolic responses. Some of these responses include:

1. Activation of metabolism: The liver experiences an increase in metabolic activity, particularly in processes such as gluconeogenesis, which is the production of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources.
2. Synthesis of enzymes: The liver produces enzymes to aid in various metabolic processes and the breakdown of toxins.
3. Cell division: In response to injury or damage, liver cells may undergo cell division to replace damaged tissue and restore liver functioning.
4. Inhibition of glucose metabolism by liver cells: In some cases, liver cells may become impaired in their ability to properly metabolize glucose, which can contribute to hyperglycemia.

Answer 2

During sepsis, the liver's metabolic response includes activating gluconeogenesis and a reduction in protein synthesis, contributing to complications like hepatorenal syndrome and systemic issues.

Step-by-step explanation:

During sepsis, the liver undergoes several metabolic changes in response to the body's systemic inflammatory condition. One of the critical responses is the activation of gluconeogenesis, the process of producing glucose, which is the liver's last retained function in the event of fulminant liver failure. Additionally, the liver can experience a reduction in the synthesis of proteins, such as albumin and blood clotting factors, crucial in maintaining blood volume and pressure.

These metabolic adjustments during sepsis may contribute to further complications like hepatorenal syndrome, wherein renal perfusion is significantly compromised. While these responses aim to mobilize energy reserves to fight the infection, they can also lead to further systemic issues, including disruptions in blood clotting, which can exacerbate the state of shock and contribute to multiple organ failure.