Final answer:
Okazaki fragments are short stretches of DNA synthesized on the lagging strand during DNA replication. They are repaired and resolved by replacing the RNA primer with deoxynucleotides and joining the fragments with DNA ligase.
Step-by-step explanation:
Okazaki fragments are short stretches of DNA that are synthesized on the lagging strand during DNA replication. They are named after the scientists Reiji and Tsuneko Okazaki who discovered them. The process of repairing and resolving Okazaki fragments involves replacing the RNA primer with deoxynucleotides and joining the fragments together using the enzyme DNA ligase.