Final answer:
The blood-brain barrier, not the blood-CSF barrier, has no communication between arteries. It is a highly selective membrane that prevents most substances from passing through to the brain's extracellular fluid, while the blood-CSF barrier is more permeable.
Step-by-step explanation:
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a highly selective membrane system that separates the circulating blood from the brain's extracellular fluid. It consists of endothelial cells that form tight junctions, which restrict the passage of substances between the cells. This barrier allows essential nutrients like glucose, water, and some gases to pass through, but it aggressively restricts the movement of large or hydrophilic substances, including many drugs and pathogens. The blood-brain barrier thus ensures an environment for the brain that is protected from fluctuations in plasma compositions and potential contaminants.
In contrast, the blood-CSF barrier refers to the separation between the blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and is located at the choroid plexus. While it also restricts the transfer of substances, it is more permeable than the blood-brain barrier, allowing for certain components and immune cells to move between the blood and CSF.
Therefore, the barrier with no communication between arteries is the blood-brain barrier, making the correct answer option 1) Blood-brain barrier.