Final answer:
The literary precursors to Film Noir include hardboiled detective fiction, German Expressionism, and French Poetic Realism.
Step-by-step explanation:
The literary precursors to Film Noir include hardboiled detective fiction, German Expressionism, and French Poetic Realism. Hardboiled detective fiction, characterized by tough, unsentimental detective protagonists, influenced the gritty and dark tone of Film Noir. German Expressionism, with its use of abstract sets, lighting, and shadows, created a visual style that was later adopted by Film Noir. French Poetic Realism, known for its focus on urban despair and doomed characters, also served as an inspiration for the genre. Therefore, the correct answer is All of the above.